SCOLOPACIDAE (69 species)

Scolopax rusticola Eurasian Woodcock
Res s Izu Is (Torishima). Acc Iwo Is (Kitaiwojima).
Coenocorypha pusilla Chatham Island Snipe
Res Chatham Is about 1000 prs (Aikman and Miskelly 2004): Rangatira/South East I 700-800 prs; Star Keys: Round I 50 prs; extirp Mangere I but re-int 1970, 50 prs; Little Mangere I 200-250 prs; cas vis Pitt I. Sightings Feb 2006 of 1-2 birds Rabbit I (off nw coast Pitt I, Miskelly et al 2006). Recent lower est 1300 ads (Shirihai 2002).
C. aucklandica Subantarctic Snipe
HANZAB noted that differences in plumages and measurements among the aucklandica group are greater than in some sympatric species of Gallinago (HANZAB), and all forms were listed as full species by Holdaway et al (2001). Worthy et al (2002) noted diagnosable differences between aucklandica, meinertzhagenae, and the as yet unnamed Campbell Island Snipe, but retained them as a subspecies group pending further studies. Miskelly and Baker (2009) noted that radiation of aucklandica to Campbell and Antipodes Is is recent, during the last 10,000 years, and retained these three taxa as subspecies within aucklandica, as followed here.
C. a. aucklandica Res Auckland Is 20,000+ inds.
C. a. perseverance
According to Baker et al (2005), these birds appear to be most closely related to the Auckland Island and Antipodes Island Snipes, but sufficiently distinct that they are likely to prove to be at least an endemic subspecies, as described by Miskelly and Baker (2009).
Res Campbell Is (Jacquemart I: <50 inds, discovered 1997, Barker et al 2005; Judd 1998; apparently recolonizing main Campbell I after 2001 rat eradication- Barker et al 2005; Miskelly and Baker 2009).
C. a. meinertzhagenaeRes Antipodes Is 8000 inds.
C. heugeli Snares Island Snipe
Res Snares Is 1100 inds, 325-480 prs (Miskelly et al 2001). Int SI: island off Stewart I (Putauhinu), 30 inds (Charteris and Miskelly 2005).
C. iredalei South Island Snipe
Extinct. Res formerly NZ (SI and islands off Stewart I, Worthy et al 2002).
C. barrierensis North Island Snipe
Extinct. Res formerly NZ (NI, Little Barrier I, Motukorea I in Hauraki Gulf, Worthy et al 2002).
Gallinago hardwickii Latham's (Japanese) Snipe
Cas Solomon Is (Bougainville: mostly Oct-Apr, Hadden 2004a), NZ (NI, SI), Sep-Mar Norfolk I, Nov-May Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), Macquarie I. Acc Marshall Is (Kwajalein, ?HANZAB, Pyle and Engbring 1985), Nov Snares Is. Hypo Mariana Is (Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991).
F: Lord Howe I (3 at airstrip pond Mar, Gregory).
G. stenura Pintail Snipe
Cas (this sp? Pratt et al 1987) Oct-Apr w Micronesia; Reichel and Glass 1991 consider hypo for Mariana Is (Rota, Tinian). Acc Ogasawara Is (Chichijima), Hawaiian Is (Jan 1964 Kure, Pyle and Pyle 2009).
G. megala Swinhoe's Snipe
Vis Sep-Apr Mariana Is, Palau, Caroline Is (Yap, Truk). Cas Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), Bougainville (Dutson 2001). Acc Ogasawara Is (Chichijima).
F: Palau (common migrant, Engbring 1988). Mariana Is (Rota: 1 in fields Dec, Talbot).
G. gallinago Common Snipe
Considered specifically separate from G. delicata on plumage and vocal grounds (AOU 2002).
G. g. gallinago Cas Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Mariana Is (Guam, Reichel and Glass 1991, Saipan, Rota, Wiles et al 2000), Hawaiian Is (4+ recs, Kure, Oahu, Maui, Kauai, Pyle and Pyle 2009). Acc Caroline Is (Yap, Pratt and Etpison 2008). Hypo Wake I (Pyle and Engbring 1985).
G. delicata Wilson's Snipe
See comments under G. gallinago.
Vis Sep-Apr Hawaiian Is (SE Is; none confirmed NW Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009). Cas Guadalupe I, Cocos I (Montoya 2008).
G. solitaria Solitary Snipe
G. s. japonica Acc Ogasawara Is (Chichijima).
Limnodromus griseus Short-billed Dowitcher
L. g. caurinus? Cas Hawaiian Is (14+ recs, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Aug-May Galapagos Is. Acc Guadalupe I.
L. scolopaceus Long-billed Dowitcher
Vis Aug-May Hawaiian Is (Pyle and Pyle 2009). Cas Mariana Is (Nov-Dec Guam, Wiles et al 2000; this sp? Dec-Jan Saipan, Wiles et al 2000). Acc Nov Revillagigedo Is (Jehl and Parkes 1982), Clipperton I, Samoa (Upolu, Watling 2001).
F: Hawaiian Is (Midway I: Sand I, max 3 daily Apr, Vandenberg).
L. semipalmatus Asian Dowitcher
Acc NZ (Feb-May NI, Aug-Sep SI).
Limosa limosa Black-tailed Godwit
L. l. melanuroides Vis mostly Oct-Apr Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Palau, Caroline Is (Yap, Truk, Kosrae), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Oct-Nov Lord Howe I (5 recs, McAllan et al 2004), NZ (most 21 per year, NI, SI). Cas Marshall Is, Dec-Jan Auckland Is. Acc Kiribati (Jul, Child 1982), Chatham Is (Dec Chatham, Miskelly et al 2006), Hawaiian Is (single bird Oct-Apr Maui and Oahu, N Am Birds 56:121; Pyle 2002, Pyle and Pyle 2009).
L. haemastica Hudsonian Godwit
Cas NZ (most 9 per year Oct-Apr NI, SI; first rec Chathams Nov-Dec 2004, Miskelly et al 2006), Hawaiian Is (2-3 recs Jul-Sep Oahu, Pyle and Pyle 2009). Acc Marshall Is (Kwajalein), Apr and May Fiji, Nov Norfolk I, ?Campbell I, Galapagos Is. Evidence that these birds reach NZ accompanying Bar-tailed Godwits on nonstop Pacific crossing in Gill et al (2005).
F: Galapagos Is (Isabela: one Puerto Villamil Jun-Jul, Chartier).
L. lapponica Bar-tailed Godwit
Some authors recognize a central Russian subspecies menzbieri (Hayman et al 1986, Dickinson 2003); most migrate to Australia but there is some evidence that a few such birds reach NZ (post by Melville to BIRDING-NZ Aug 24, 2004) and a specimen from Kure May 1988 appears to be this subsp or lapponica, Pyle and Pyle 2009). Direct flight to NZ and eastern Australia of about 150,000 birds from sw Alaska indicated by several lines of evidence. Birds occurring in Micronesia and east to New Caledonia probably are Asian menzbieri rather than baueri (Gill et al 2005).
L. l. baueri Vis mostly Sep-Apr Mariana Is, Palau, Caroline Is, Marshall Is (Amerson 1969), Kiribati (Gilbert Is, Amerson 1969), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), Vanuatu, New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Lifou, Barre and Dutson 2000), Fiji, Samoa (Tarburton 2002), Norfolk I, Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), Kermadec Is, NZ av 80,000 per year (NI, SI), Chatham Is. Cas Ogasawara Is, Hawaiian Is (most in NW Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Dec Niue, Oct Tonga (Wnorowski), Cook Is (McCormack 2006), Nov-Dec Snares Is (Miskelly et al 2001), Oct-Jan Campbell I, Auckland Is, Oct-Jan Macquarie I. Hypo Nauru (Buden 2008).
L. fedoa Marbled Godwit
Cas Aug-Mar Galapagos Is, Hawaiian Is (Oct Laysan, one bird Oahu and Maui Nov 2004- Feb 2006, Oct Hawaii; these records likely beringiae, Pyle and Pyle 2009).
Numenius minutus Little Curlew
Vis Aug-Apr Palau. Cas Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Solomon Is (Bougainville, Hadden 2004a), Nov-Mar Lord Howe I (7 recs, McAllan et alo 2004), NZ (NI, SI).
F: Palau (pair north end Peleliu airport Apr, Klauber).
N. phaeopus Whimbrel
N. p. variegatus Vis mostly Jul-Apr Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Mariana Is (Buden 2006), Palau, Caroline Is, Marshall Is, Aug-May Hawaiian Is (Pyle and Pyle 2009), Kiribati (Gilbert Is, Amerson 1969), Nauru (Buden 2008), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji, Samoa, Norfolk I, Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), Kermadec Is (Sep-Nov, Mar, Veitch et al 2004), NZ 100-200 per year both subspecies (NI, SI). Cas Nov-Dec Chatham Is (Miskelly et al 2006). Acc Cook Is (spec Oct 1987, McCormack 2006)
F: Solomon Is (Ghizo: Jun Gizo, Richards; Santa Isabel; Malaita: Jun, Hornbuckle; Florida Is: Mana I, Talbot); New Caledonia (Nov Noumea, Quested; Ouano Beach Oct, T. Clarke); Norfolk I (2 Kingston Marshes, Duranti; flock 12 in Jun, Ewin). Palau (Peleliu: up to 30 on mud low tide north end, Talbot). Caroline Is: (Truk: Tol South, low nos, Feb, S. Smith). Mariana Is (Rota: low nos, S. Smith).
N. p. hudsonicus Vis Aug-May Hawaiian Is (Pyle and Pyle 2009), Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I, Galapagos Is, NZ (NI, SI). Cas Dec Norfolk I, Nov Chatham Is (Miskelly et al 2006), Fiji, Samoa, Cocos I (Montoya 2008).
F: Galapagos Is (18 several locations Jun-Jul, Chartier).
N. tahitiensis Bristle-thighed Curlew
Vis Sep-May Hawaiian Is (800 inds, mostly NW Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Caroline Is (Truk, Pohnpei, Yap- Clements 2003), Wake I, Marshall Is, Kiribati (Gilbert Is, Phoenix Is, Line Is), Society Is, Marquesas Is, Tuamotu Is, Tubuai Is, Gambier Is, Pitcairn Is, and s to Fiji, Tonga (Wrnowski), Samoa (Tarburton 2001), Niue, and Cook Is (Holyoak 1980). Cas to Ogasawara Is Sep, Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Nauru (one banded Yukon recovered Aug Nauru, prob more frequent than recs indicate, Buden 2008), Solomon Is (Malaita, Three Sisters Oct, Santa Cruz Is: Tikopia, Pileni Sep, Duff Is Sep, Dutson 2001), Vanuatu, ?Norfolk I, Aug-Sep Kermadec Is (Veitch et al 2004). Previous rec for New Caledonia in error (Barre and Dutson 2000).
F: Caroline Is (Pohnpei- flyby Apr with cinnamon rump visible, Klauber); Hawaiian Is (Midway Is: small flocks Sand I Apr, Vandenberg; Apr (Nikas) and Aug-Sep, occ through winter; Oahu: at Kahuku area, pasture between Campbell NWR and ocean, scope area from small cem at n end of golf course in village of Kahuku, Pratt 1993).
N. americanus Long-billed Curlew
Acc Revillagigedos Is (Apr 1999 Clarion, Wanless et al 2009).
N. arquata Eurasian Curlew
N. a. orientalis? Cas Mariana Is (Saipan, Guam, Wiles et al 2000). Acc Niue (Pratt et al 1987).
N. madagascariensis Far Eastern Curlew
Vis Oct-Apr Palau, Caroline Is (Yap, Truk), Solomon Is (incl Sep-Dec Bougainville, Hadden 2004a, Green Is and Nuguria, Tarburton 2006), Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa, Sep-Apr Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), Norfolk I, NZ 20-50 per year (NI, SI). Cas Mariana Is (Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991, Aug and Oct Guam, Wiles et al 2000, Pyle and Engbring 1985), Hawaiian Is (Jun French Frigate Shoals, Sep Laysan I, Scott et al 2001, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Mar-May and Oct-Dec Chatham Is (Miskelly et al 2006). Acc Ogasawara Is (Hahajima), Oct Kermadec Is (Veitch et al 2004), Niue (Sep, Powlesland et al 2000).
Bartramia longicauda Upland Sandpiper
Cas Cocos I (one bird Nov 1983-Sep 1984, another Apr 2005, Dean and Montoya 2005, Montoya 2008). Acc NZ (Feb NI).
Xenus cinereus Terek Sandpiper
Studies by Pereira and Baker (2005) showed that this taxon and the next represent genera basal to the genus Tringa. Pereira and Baker (2005) showed also that Heteroscelus and Catoptrophorus are included within Tringa.
Vis Aug-May Palau, Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Pagan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Caroline Is (Yap), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), NZ most 14 per year (NI, SI). Cas Mar-Nov and Nov (2 birds) New Caledonia (Barre and Bachy 2003), Sep-Feb Lord Howe I (5 recs, McAllan et al 2004), Nov-Dec Norfolk I. Acc Fiji (Viti Levu), Oct Tonga (Wnorowski).
Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper
Vis Aug-Apr Mariana Is, Palau, Caroline Is (Yap, Truk, hypo Pohnpei, hypo Kosrae, Pyle and Engbring 1985, Wiles 2005), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), Vanuatu, New Caledonia (Oct-Nov and Jan-Mar, Barre and Bachy 2003), NZ (NI, SI). Cas Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Nov-Feb Lord Howe I (9 recs, McAllan et al 2004), Feb-Mar Norfolk I, Kiribati, Jan Fiji, Feb and Apr Samoa. Acc Wake I, Cook Is (Nov Rarotonga, McCormack 2006). There are no confirmed records for Hawaiian Is (Pyle and Pyle 2009).
F: Solomon Is (Ghizo: 1 Olasana I Jun, Richards; Florida Is: Mana I Jan, Talbot). Palau (Dec, de Vries; common, Engbring 1988). Caroline Is (Yap: seen daily low nos, Feb, S. Smith). Norfolk I (Kingston Marshes Mar, Duranti).
A. macularius Spotted Sandpiper
Vis Oct-May Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I, Galapagos Is. Cas Hawaiian Is (Aug-May; 32 recs SE Is, 8 recs NW Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I, Cocos I (Montoya 2008). Acc Marshall Is (spec Taka; Pyle and Engbring 1985), Johnston I.
Tringa ochropus Green Sandpiper
Acc Ogasawara Is (Chichijima), Mariana Is (Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Palau (Pratt and Etpison 2008).
T. solitaria Solitary Sandpiper
T. s cinnamomea Cas Dec-Feb Galapagos Is, Hawaiian Is (2 recs each Hawaii and Oahu Sep-Apr, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Clipperton I, Cocos I (Montoya 2003).
T. brevipes Grey-tailed (Siberian) Tattler
Vis Sep-Apr Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Mariana Is, Palau, Caroline Is (Wiles 2005), Marshall Is (Spennemann and Benjamin 2004), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Norfolk I, Aug-May Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), NZ (NI, SI), Chatham Is. Cas Hawaiian Is (7 recs confirmed this sp Aug-Jun, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Kiribati (Gilbert Is: Tarawa, Amerson 1969), Nauru (Buden 2008), Fiji (but see Dutson and Watling 2007), Tuvalu, Kermadec Is (Sep-Dec, Veitch et al 2004), ?Snares Is, ?Auckland Is. Acc Cook Is (Aitutaki).
F: Samoa (Savaii: only 2, by calls, Aug, Reed 1980). Cook Is (Aitutaki: only 3 of 99 studied were this sp Aug-Sep, Child 1981). Fiji (Viti Levu: 5, with 30+ incana) Sep, T. Clarke; Solomon Is (Florida Is: Mana I Jan, Talbot).
T. incana Wandering Tattler
Vis mostly Sep-Mar (usually later than brevipes in Micronesia, Baker 1951) Mariana Is (Wiles 2005), Palau (far fewer than brevipes, Pratt and Etpison 2008), Caroline Is, Wake I, Marshall Is, Nauru (Buden 2008), Kiribati (Gilbert Is, Amerson 1969), Jul-May Hawaiian Is 1000 inds (Pyle and Pyle 2009), Society Is, Marquesas Is, Tuamotu Is, Pitcairn Is (Bourne and David 1983), New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Loyalty Is, Chesterfields, Barre and Dutson 2000), Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Niue, Cook Is, Jan-May Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), Kermadec Is (Mar-Jun, Aug-Nov, Veitch et al 2004), NZ (NI, SI), Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I, Galapagos Is. Cas Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Solomon Is incl Oct and Jan Bougainville, Hadden 2004a, Green Is and Nuguria, Tarburton 2006), Vanuatu, Oct-Mar and Jun (Ewin) Norfolk I, Cocos I (Montoya 2008), Chatham Is (Miskelly et al 2006), Auckland Is. Two birds out of 13 banded in Alaska wintered on Hawaii (Big Island) for several years (R. David).
F: New Caledonia (12 in alt plge yate-Goro road Aug, Fairbank). Hawaiian Is (Midway I: best count 5, Apr, Vandenberg). Samoa (Savaii: up to 50 at a time Aug, Reed 1980). Fiji (Viti Levu: 30+ Sep, T. Clarke). Galapagos Is(6 on Rabida, Santiago, Isabela, Espanola Jun-Jul, Chartier).
T. erythropus Spotted Redshank
Acc Caroline Is (Truk). Hypo Mariana Is (Oct Guam, Reichel and Glass 1991).
T. melanoleuca Greater Yellowlegs
Cas Hawaiian Is (2 recs NW Is, 20+ SE Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Galapagos Is. Acc Mariana Is (Rota, Reichel and Glass 1991), Marshall Is (Jaluit, ?Ebon, Spenneman and Benjamin 2004), Clipperton I, Cocos I (Montoya 2003). Hypo Wake I (Pyle and Engbring 1985), Cook Is (this sp or the next, Holyoak 1980).
T. semipalmata Willet
T. s. inornata Vis mostly Sep-Apr Guadalupe I, Galapagos Is. Cas Hawaiian Is (8 recs SE Is Oct-May, 1 rec poss semipalmata, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Revillagigedo Is (Clarion, Brattstrom and Howell 1956, Wanless et al 2009), Cocos I (Sep-Jun, Dean and Montoya 2005). Acc Johnston I (? Pyle and Pyle 2009), Kiribati (Kiritimati, Pyle and Pyle 2009).
T. flavipes Lesser Yellowlegs
Vis Aug-May Hawaiian Is, Johnson I, Galapagos Is. Cas NZ (Oct-Apr NI, Oct-Apr SI), Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I, Cocos I (Montoya 2003). Acc Marshall Is (Pyle and Pyle 2009), Tuamotu Is (Pyle and Pyle 2009), Nov Chatham Is (Chatham I), Nov Fiji (Taveuni, Silcock).
T. nebularia Common Greenshank
Vis Aug-May Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Pagan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Palau, Caroline Is (Yap, Truk), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), NZ (NI, SI). Cas Jul and Oct New Caledonia (Barre and Bachy 2003), Oct-Mar and Jul Lord Howe I (13 recs, McAllan et al 2004), Dec and May Norfolk I, Jan Chatham Is, Nov-Dec Snares Is, Campbell I, Macquarie I.
F: Norfolk I (2 Kingston Marshes Mar, Duranti).
T. guttifer Nordmann's Greenshank
Hypo Oct Mariana Is (Guam, Reichel and Glass 1991).
T. stagnatilis Marsh Sandpiper
Vis Sep-May Palau, Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Caroline Is (Yap, Truk), Solomon Is (Hadden 2004a), NZ (NI, SI). Cas Hawaiian Is (Oct-Nov Midway I, Oct Oahu, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Oct-Dec Norfolk I, Dec-Apr Lord Howe I (4 recs, McAllan et al 2004), Chatham Is. Acc New Caledonia (Feb, Barre and Dutson 2000).
T. glareola Wood Sandpiper
Vis Mariana Is, Aug-May Palau, w Caroline Is (Yap, Truk). Cas Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Marshall Is, Hawaiian Is (5 recs Midway I and Kure I, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Solomon Is (Oct and Apr Bougainville, Hadden 2004a). Acc Samoa (Mar Upolu, Tarburton 2001).
F: Palau (Koror: Dec, de Vries; common migrant throughout, Engbring 1988). Caroline Is (Yap: 4 small pool west side, Dec, Talbot).
T. totanus Common Redshank
T. t. subsp? Vis Palau, Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Caroline Is (Yap).
Aechmorhynchus cancellatus Kiritimati Sandpiper
This taxon, known from only a single specimen, is considered distinct from the next at the specific level (Dickinson 2003, Walters 1993, Zusi and Jehl 1970). This taxon and the next were considered distinct at the generic level from the following two taxa, for which Prosobonia has precedence.
Extinct. Formerly res Kiritimati I (DuPont 1976).
A. parvirostris Tuamotu Sandpiper
Res Tuamotu Arch (Morane and Anuana Runga Atolls 150-200 inds; Tahanea islets 12-15 inds: Toreatai, Noiokao; Tenararo, Raevski Group, Fakarava, Maturei-Vavao, Pinaki, Marutea du Sud).
F: Tuamotu Arch: common on predator-free atolls (Southern Bird 8:16).
Prosobonia leucoptera White-winged Sandpiper
The following two taxa were considered distinctive only at the subspecific level (Zusi and Jehl 1970).
P. l. leucoptera Extinct. Res formerly Society Is (Tahiti).
P. l. ellisi Extinct. Res formerly Society Is (Moorea).
Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone
A. i. interpres (includes oahuensis of Siberia to western Alaska, Dickinson 2003) Vis Aug-May, occasional Jun-Jul, throughout w Pacific Is, incl Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Mariana Is, Palau, Caroline Is, Hawaiian Is, Marshall Is, Kiribati, Nauru (Buden 2008), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), Vanuatu, New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Loyalty Is, Walpole, Matthew, Barre and Dutson 2000), Fiji, Tuvalu, Wallis and Futuna, Samoa, Tonga, Niue, Tokelau Is, Cook Is (Holyoak 1980), Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), Norfolk I, Kermadec Is, NZ (NI, SI), Auckland Is, Antipodes Is, Chatham Is. Cas Snares Is, Nov-Jan Campbell I, Jul-Aug and Dec Macquarie I, e to Society Is, Tuamotu Arch. At least one banded fall migrant recovered in Hawaiian Is originated from Alaska (R. David), and another from Alaska was recovered in New Caledonia (Barre and Bachy 2003).
A. i. morinella Vis (AOU 1957; Hayman et al 1986) mostly Aug-May Guadalupe I, Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I, Galapagos Is. Cas Cocos I (Montoya 2008). Acc (this subsp?) Hawaiian Is (Baker 1951).
F: Galapagos Is (24 Jun-Jul, Chartier).
A. melanocephala Black Turnstone
Vis Aug-Apr Guadalupe I. Acc Galapagos Is (San Cristobal, Swash and Still 2005).
Aphriza virgata Surfbird
Vis Sep-Apr Galapagos Is. Cas Revillagigedo Is.
Calidris tenuirostris Great Knot
Cas Sep and Apr Palau, Mariana Is (Nov-Mar Guam, Wiles et al 2000), Caroline Is (Truk), Solomon Is, NZ (Sep-Apr NI, SI). Acc Oct New Caledonia (Barre and Bachy 2003), Nov Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004).
F: Palau (with Gr Sand-Plovers east end airport Apr, Klauber).
C. canutus Red Knot
Measurements suggest that 2 populations occur in NZ: one (smaller; piersmai? see Tomkovich 2001) as in e Australia and another (larger) prob rogersi based on bill measurements (HANZAB). Pyle and Pyle (2009) consider the species monotypic.
C. c. piersmai Vis NZ (Sep-Apr NI,SI).
C. c. rogersi Vis Sep-Apr Solomon Is, Lord Howe I (rare; not on main migration route, or flyover, McAllan et al 2004). NZ av 50,000 per year (NI, SI, Stewart I), Chatham Is. Cas Hawaiian Is (24 recs, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Fiji, Samoa (Upolu, Tarburton), Sep-Nov Kermadec Is (Veitch et al 2004), Norfolk I. Acc Palau, Mariana Is (Oct Guam, Wiles et al 2000), Auckland Is, Campbell I, Nov Macquarie I.
C. c. rufa? Acc Galapagos Is (Floreana 1969, Swash and Still 2005).
C. alba Sanderling
Dickinson (2003) list 2 subspecies, Eurasian alba and Siberian and North American rubida. Both may occur in the Pacific.
Vis Aug-Apr tropical Pacific Is incl Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Palau, Caroline Is, Wake I, Hawaiian Is (Jul-May, mostly SE Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Marshall Is, Kiribati (Gilbert Is, Phoenix Is, Line Is, Amerson 1969), Solomon Is (Bougainville, Three Sisters Is, Santa Cruz Is: Pileni Nov, Sand Is Sep, Dutson 2001; Apr, Jul, Sep Bougainville, Hadden 2004a), Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa, Niue, NZ (NI, SI), Guadalupe I, Revillagigedo Is, Galapagos Is. Cas Chatham Is, Cook Is (Manihiki, Manuae, Holyoak 1980), Pitcairn Is, Cocos I (Montoya 2003), Clipperton I.
F: Hawaiian Is (Midway I: max 2 Apr, Vandenberg); Solomon Is (Santa Cruz: one Jun-Jul, Chartier).
C. pusilla Semipalmated Sandpiper
Cas Hawaiian Is (12 recs SE Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Galapagos Is, Cocos I (Montoya 2008). Hypo Marshall Is (Spennemann and Benjamin 2004) and NZ (Pyle and Pyle 2009).
C. mauri Western Sandpiper
Vis Jul-Apr Hawaiian Is, Clipperton I, Revillagigedo Is. Cas Johnston I, NZ (NI, SI), Galapagos Is, Cocos I (Montoya 2008).
C. minuta Little Stint
Vis Sep-Oct Palau (Baker 1951). Cas Mariana Is (Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Hawaiian Is (Sep-Oct Kure, Sep and Apr-May Oahu, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Solomon Is, Fiji (Viti Levu, duPont 1976), NZ (NI, SI).
C. ruficollis Red-necked Stint
Vis Sep-Apr Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Mariana Is, Palau, Caroline Is (Yap, Truk), Solomon Is incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), Norfolk I, NZ 150-200 per year (NI, SI). Cas Marshall Is, Hawaiian Is (13-14 recs, only one NW Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Fiji, Chatham Is (Miskelly et al 2006). Acc Samoa (Feb-Mar Upolu, Tarburton 2001), Auckland Is, Macquarie I.
F: Palau (Peleliu: 800 Dec, de Vries).
C. temminckii Temminck's Stint
Cas Mariana Is (Saipan, Guam, Wiles et al 2000).
C. subminuta Long-toed Stint
Vis Sep-Apr Palau, Caroline Is (Yap, Truk). Acc Iwo Is (Kitaiwojima), Mariana Is (Saipan, hypo Guam, Reichel and Glass 1991), Hawaiian Is (Aug 1967 Midway, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Solomon Is (Bellona, but info does not rule out C. minutilla Least Sandpiper, Dutson 2001, not listed by Mayr and Diamond 2001), Kiribati (Line Is: Kirimati), NZ (Aug-Sep SI).
F: Caroline Is (Yap: 3 small pool west side, Dec, Talbot); Palau (one on Peleliu pond north of town Apr, Klauber).
C. minutilla Least Sandpiper
Vis Aug-May (most Aug-Oct) Hawaiian Is (SE Is; 3 poss recs NW Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I, Galapagos Is. Cas Cocos I (Montoya 2008).
C. fuscicollis White-rumped Sandpiper
Cas NZ (Dec and Mar NI), Galapagos Is, Cocos I (Montoya 2008). Acc Hawaiian Is (Sep 2006 Oahu, Pyle and Pyle 2009).
C. bairdii Baird's Sandpiper
Cas Hawaiian Is (c. 15 recs, most Aug-Oct, Pyle and Pyle 2009), NZ (Oct-Apr NI), Cocos I (Montoya 2008), Galapagos Is.
C. melanotos Pectoral Sandpiper
Vis Aug-May tropical Pacific incl Palau, Mariana Is (Guam, Tinian, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Caroline Is (Pohnpei), Marshall Is (Taka, Amerson 1969), Hawaiian Is (95% Jul-Nov, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Kiribati, Norfolk I, NZ up to 20 per year (NI, SI). Cas Chatham Is (Miskelly et al 2006), Vanuatu, Solomon Is (Oct Bougainville, Hadden 2004a; Rennell), Nov-Mar Lord Howe I (4 recs, McAllan et al 2004), Fiji, Samoa, Cook Is (Nov, McCormack 2006), Niue (Sep, Powlesland et al 2000), Clipperton I, Cocos I (2 recods Apr, Dean and Montoya 2005), Galapagos Is (3 recs, Santa Cruz 2, Isabela, Swash and Still 2005).
C. acuminata Sharp-tailed Sandpiper
Vis Aug-May Mariana Is, Palau, Caroline Is (most fall and spring- Clements 2003), Marshall Is, Wake I, Hawaiian Is (most Aug-Oct, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Kiribati (Gilbert Is, Phoenix Is, Line Is), Solomon Is (Hadden 2004a) incl Green Is and Nuguria (Tarburton 2006), New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Walpole, Barre and Dutson 2000, Barre and Bachy 2003), Fiji, Norfolk I, Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004), NZ 100-200 per year (NI, SI). Cas Kermadec Is (Oct Raoul, Veitch et al 2004), Chatham Is (Miskelly et al 2006), Snares Is (Miskelly et al 2001). Acc Iwo Is, Nauru (Nov 1961, Buden 2008), Tuamotu Is (Nov Mataiva, Pym).
C. alpina Dunlin
C. a. sakhalina Vis Aug-May Hawaiian Is (6 of 7 specimens NW Is this subsp, Pyle and Pyle 2009). Cas (presumably this subsp based on evidence from Hawaiian Is) Ogasawara Is (Hahajima, Chichijima), Feb-Mar Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991), Palau, Caroline Is.
C. a. pacifica Vis Aug-May Hawaiian Is (evidence suggests most in SE Is are this subsp, Pyle and Pyle 2009).
C. ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper
Vis Palau, Caroline Is (Yap), Solomon Is (Sep- Jul Bougainville, Hadden 2004a; Green Is and Nuguria, (Tarburton 2006), NZ 50-100 per year (NI, SI). Cas e Solomon Is, New Caledonia, Mariana Is (Guam, Reichel and Glass 1991), Marshall Is (Kwajalein), Hawaiian Is (10-12+ recs, only one from NW Is, Laysan Oct, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Norfolk I, Aug-Mar Lord Howe I (10+ recs, McAllan et al 2004), Chatham Is (2 recs, Miskelly et al 2006), Auckland Is.
C. himantopus Stilt Sandpiper
Sometimes included in genus Micropalama, but see AOU (1998).
Cas Oct-Apr Galapagos Is, Cocos I (Montoya 2008). Acc Ogasawara Is (Sep Minamijima), Hawaiian Is (Sep 2002 Oahu, Pyle and Pyle 2009), NZ (Sep-Nov SI, Hill 2006).
Tryngites subruficollis Buff-breasted Sandpiper
Cas Hawaiian Is (11 recs Sep-Nov Kure, Midway, French Frigate, Kauai, Oahu, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Marshall Is (Eniwetok, Amerson 1969, Wiles 2005), Caroline Is (Pohnpei, Chuuk, Buden 2006, Wiles 2005), Johnston I, Tubuai Is (Rapa). Acc Jan Samoa (? Watling 2001), Lord Howe I (Hutton 1991, McAllan et al 2004), Galapagos Is (Swash and Still 2005).
Limicola falcinellus Broad-billed Sandpiper
L. f. sibiricus Cas NZ (Nov-Apr and May-Dec NI). Acc Sep Palau, Solomon Is (Three Sisters Is).
Philomachus pugnax Ruff
Vis Aug-May Mariana Is, Palau. Cas Caroline Is (Yap- Clements 2003, Truk), Marshall Is, Hawaiian Is (almost annual Jul-May, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Solomon Is (Bougainville, Hadden 2004a), NZ (Nov-Apr NI and SI). Acc Johnston I. Hypo Revillagigedos Is (Clarion, Wanless et al 2009).
Steganopus tricolor Wilson's Phalarope
Although some authors place this taxon in Phalaropus, it differs from the next two and is retained here in Steganopus (Christidis and Boles 2008).
Vis Aug-Dec Galapagos Is. Cas Hawaiian Is (2 recs NW Is French Frigate Aug-Sep, 40+ recs SE Is Jul-Oct, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Johnston I, Easter I. Acc NZ (Sep, and Oct 2005 NI, Nov-Apr SI), Clipperton I, Cocos I (Montoya and Pascal 2004), at sea between Easter I and Galapagos Is.
Phalaropus lobatus Red-necked Phalarope
Vis Aug-Apr Galapagos Is. At sea Oct-Apr sw Pacific n of New Guinea incl Palau (recent photo, Pratt and Etpison 2008) but unrecorded Solomon Is, also outer edge Humboldt Current off Ecuador and Peru. Cas Hawaiian Is (c. 20 recs, most from Laysan Oct-Mar; 2 confirmed from SE Is Kauai and Oahu, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Revillagigedo Is (Jehl and Parkes 1982), NZ (Apr-Jun NI, Jan and Mar SI). Acc Mariana Is (May Tinian, Wiles et al 2000).
P. fulicarius Red Phalarope
David and Gosselin (2002a) discussed gender agreement.
At sea Oct-Apr off Chile incl Juan Fernandez Is; Siberian breeders se across Pacific to s of Hawaiian Is (HANZAB; Oct-May, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Sep-May off Mexico (most during migration periods, Howell and Webb 1995) incl Galapagos Is (Swash and Still 2005), Feb-Apr ec Pacific. Cas Kiribati, Mar, Jun-Jul NZ (suggests source to east, not Asia). Acc Macquarie I (Tasmania PWS).
F: Hawaiian Is (Kauai: Lehua Rock Apr, one, Melgar).