PASSERIDAE (2 species)

Passer domesticus House Sparrow
P. d. domesticus Int Hawaiian Is (w to Niihau), Marshall Is (Kwajalein, Amerson 1969), Vanuatu (Efate), New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Barre and Dutson 2000), Norfolk I, NZ (NI, SI, Stewart I), Chatham Is, Snares Is <14 inds (Miskelly et al 2001), Easter I, Guadalupe I. Acc Revillagigedo Is (Socorro), Campbell I, Auckland Is, Antipodes Is (Tennyson et al 2002).
F: New Caledonia: widespread urban areas, Gregory. Vanuatu: only in central Port Vila, Ewin.
P. montanus Eurasian Tree Sparrow
P. m. subsp? Int Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Tinian, Rota), Palau (Peleliu), Caroline Is (Yap), Marshall Is (Kwajalein).
F: Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Rota, Tinian: low numbers towns, Talbot, S. Smith). Yap: small nos towns, Talbot, S. Smith. Peleliu: seen small nos towns, Talbot.


ESTRILDIDAE (22 species)

Uraeginthus bengalus Red-cheeked Cordonbleu
U. b. subsp? Int Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
F: Puu Anahulu area, Pratt 1993; MP 21.9 Puu Anahulu, Faike.
Estrilda caerulescens Lavender Waxbill
Int Hawaiian Is (Hawaii, Oahu; Kalodimos 2007).
F: Hawaii: MP 21.9 Puu Anahulu along Mamalahoa Highway, Faike, Pratt 1993; Oahu: only current site Wailupe Valley, Kalodimos 2007.
E. perreini Black-tailed Waxbill
E. p. subsp Int Hawaiian Is (Oahu, Long 1981; not listed by Pyle 2002).
E. melpoda Orange-cheeked Waxbill
E. m. subsp? Int Hawaiian Is (Oahu, Maui).
F: Oahu: Kaneohe in grass bordering Bay View Golf Center, Pratt 1993. Maui: Hansen Rd between Puunene and the dump, Pratt 1993.
E. troglodytes Black-rumped Waxbill
Int Hawaiian Is (Oahu? Hawaii).
F: Hawaii: South Kohala-North Kona region; elusive, Pratt 1993.
E. astrild Common Waxbill
E. a. subsp? Int Hawaiian Is (Oahu), Society Is (Tahiti, Moorea), New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Ile de Pins, Barre and Dutson 2000), Vanuatu (Efate).
F: New Caledonia: abund some areas Gr Terre, Clarke. Hawaiian Is (Oahu: common near Kahuku, near Bay View Golf Center, Pratt). Vanuatu (Efate: near Eton, Mele Golf Course, Ewin).
Amandava amandava Red Avadavat
A. a. subsp? Int Hawaiian Is (Oahu, Hawaii, Kauai), Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Kadavu, Taveuni, Lomaiviti Group), Vanuatu (self-int Efate).
F: Fiji (Viti Levu: common grasslands, Myers 1996; Kadavu: scarce, Clarke 2000). Hawaiian Is (Oahu: Pearl Harbor edges of cane fields, Campbell NWR, Pratt 1993; Hawaii: North Kona-South Kohala, Puu Anahulu, Pratt 1993; Bid Island CC, Faike).
Neochmia temporalis Red-browed Firetail
Sometimes placed in the genus Emblema.
E. t. subsp? Int Society Is (Tahiti, Moorea), Marquesas Is (Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou, Hiva Oa, Chester et al 1998). Acc (origin?) Vanuatu (Efate).
Erythrura trichroa Blue-faced Parrotfinch
E. t. pelewensis Res Palau (Koror to Mecherchar, v rare Babelduab, absent Peleliu).
F: mostly in casuarina along shoreline of high limestone islands; rare, Engbring 1988.
E. t. clara Res Caroline Is (Truk, Pohnpei fewer than 100 inds; hypo on atolls-Lukunor? Buden 2006).
F: Pohnpei: only 5-6 seen in last 7 years grassland/savanna, Buden 2000. Truk: 3 Tol South, S. Smith; 5 Japanese Gun, Weno, Talbot.
E. t. trichroa Res Caroline Is (Kosrae).
F: road inland from Utwa, Watson.
E. t. woodfordi Res Solomon Is (Guadalcanal, Bougainville- this subsp?, Kolombangara-this subsp?).
F: Bougainville: common high altitudes Crown Prince Range, first recorded 1969 (Hadden 1981); subspecies of birds on Bougainville not yet determined (Hadden 2004a).
E. t. cyaneifrons Res Vanuatu (Banks Is: Gaua, Vanuatu except Malakula, Espiritu Santo), New Caledonia (Loyalty Is: Lifou, Mare).
F: New Caledonia (Loyalty Is: Lifou: 2 in garden of the last house on the left as you leave the airport going towards the first T intersection, Quested). Vanuatu (Efate: Mele Golf Course, Ewin).
E. psittacea Red-throated Parrotfinch
Res New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Ile de Pins).
F: Mt Koghi, Quested; 2-3 daily PTRB, 1 Mt Koghi, Fairbank; easiest around Ponerihouen where common, Clarke.
E. pealii Fiji Parrotfinch
Considered part of E. cyaneovirens by some authors, but see Bregulla (1992), Watling (2001).
Res Fiji (Yasawa Is, Mamanuca Is, Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Taveuni, Kadavu).
F: Kadavu: seen, Lonsdale. Viti Levu: road to Joske's Thumb, Lonsdale; quite common edge habitats, Myers; common Nausori Hglds, 6 Joske's Thumb, Sargeant 1992. Taveuni: 2 transmitter road, Sargeant 1992.
E. cyaneovirens Samoan Parrotfinch
E. c. cyaneovirens Res Samoa (Upolu).
F: Mt Vaea, Vaisigano, Lonsdale.
E. c. gaughrani Res Samoa (Savaii, duPont, WB 84:375, 1972).
F: not common, hard to see in thick foliage, best count 4 at 300-500m, none higher, Reed 1979.
E. regia Royal Parrotfinch
Some authors include in E. cyaneovirens.
E. r. regia Res Vanuatu (Banks Is, Vanuatu except Aneityum, Efate, duPont 1972, Bregulla 1992).
E. r. serena Res Vanuatu (Aneityum, duPont 1972, Bregulla 1992).
E. r. efatensis Res Vanuatu (Efate).
E. kleinschmidti Pink-billed Parrotfinch
Res Fiji (Viti Levu est 2500-10,000 inds, Masibalavu and Dutson 2006).
F: widespread in low numbers densest old-growth forest with best numbers Sovi Basin and Wainikatama (Masibalavu and Dutson 2006).
Lonchura cantans African Silverbill
This species and L. malabarica Indian Silverbill were formerly considered conspecific (see AOU 7th Edition) but have now been afforded specific status (Harrison, 1964: Ibis 106: 462-468).
L. c. subsp.? Int Hawaiian Is (w to Kauai).
F: Hawaii: common South Kohala-North Kona region, Pratt 1993; Big Island CC, Lindsay; MP 21.0 Puu Anahulu, Faike; Maui: central isthmus and Kihei area, Pratt 1993).
L. punctulata Nutmeg Mannikin (Scaly-breasted Munia)
L. p. cabanisi Int Hawaiian Is (w to Kauai), Caroline Is (int or self-int Yap). Palau (int and extirp, Baker 1951, Pratt 1987).
F: Caroline Is (Yap: 10-25 daily roadside grass, S. Smith, Talbot). Hawaiian Is: (Kauai: Hanalei NWR, Lindsay; Hawaii: Big Island CC, Lindsay).
L. atricapilla Southern Black-headed Mannikin
Formerly considered conspecific with L. malacca Chestnut Mannikin; the latter English name now probably best used for L. ferruginosa (Sibley and Monroe).
Int Palau (Babelduab, Koror, Peleliu), Mariana Is (Guam, extirp? Wiles et al 2000), Hawaiian Is (Oahu, Kauai).
F: Palau (Angaur and Peleliu, supposed descendants of escapees, de Vries 1995; Peleliu: 100 daily settlements, Talbot). Mariana Is (Saipan: 2 Marpi Forest, S. Smith). Hawaiian Is (abund, mix of L. malacca and L. atricapilla?; Kauai: edges of cane fields, Pratt 1993; Hanalei NWR, Lindsay; Oahu: common central valley from Pearl Harbor to Haleiwa, Pratt 1993).
L. malacca Tricolored Mannikin
L. m. subsp.? Int Hawaiian Is (Scott et al 2001), Vanuatu (Santo, Ewin).
F: By far commonest finch Santo (Ewin).
L. hunsteini White-headed Finch (Hunstein's Munia)
L. h. minor Res Caroline Is (int Pohnpei, Pyle and Engbring 1985, Truk?). Subspecies accepted by Baker (1951), but if indeed introduced, validity questionable (Dickinson 2003).
F: Pohnpei: in vacant downtown lots Kolonia, Lonsdale 1999; 3-8 roadside grass road to fern forest, Talbot, S. Smith.
L. castaneothorax Chestnut-breasted Mannikin
L. c. castaneothorax Int Society Is (Moorea, Tahiti, Bora Bora, Raiatea), Self-int? Marquesas Is (Hiva Oa, Tahuata, Motane).
L. c. subsp? Int New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Barre and Dutson 2000), Vanuatu (Espiritu Santo).
F: New Caledonia: near airport Noumea, Quested; seen near Ponerihouen and Touaourou, Clarke. Vanuatu (Santo: only one seen, Ewin).
L. melaena Buff-bellied Black Mannikin
L. m. bukaensis Res Solomon Is (Buka).
F: Found around airstrip on Buka and thought to have been transported by airplane, but nested, and now disappeared, presumed extinct; this subspecies named from a single specimen collected by Hadden, but further study needed to determine if a valid race (Hadden 2004a).
L. oryzivora Java Sparrow
Sometimes included in separate genus Padda.
Int Fiji (Viti Levu; extirp Vanua Levu, Taveuni), Hawaiian Is (Oahu, Hawaii, Kauai).
F: Fiji (Viti Levu: 6 in Suva near Thurston Botanical Gardens, Sargeant 1992). Hawaiian Is (Hawaii: MP 21.9 Puu Anahulu, Faike; Keauhou Resort only, Victoria).


PRUNELLIDAE (1 species)

Prunella modularis Dunnock
P. m. subsp? Int NZ (NI, SI, Stewart I), Chatham Is, Campbell I, Antipodes Is, Auckland Is. Cas Snares Is (Miskelly et al 2001).


MOTACILLIDAE (11 species)

Dendronanthus indicus Forest Wagtail
Cas Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is.
Motacilla tschutschensis Eastern Yellow-Wagtail
Taxonomy of this species group is in flux. It is generally believed that eastern forms, including those that are thought to have occurred in the western Pacific Region, are part of a group of taxa, perhaps species themselves, but for now perhaps best considered subspecies of eastern M. t. tschutschensis. Christidis and Boles (2008) accepted as species on the Australian list M. tschutschensis Eastern Yellow Wagtail and M. taivana Green-headed Yellow Wagtail.
M. t. tschutschensis? (including simillima Vis Sep-Apr Iwo Is, Mariana Is (Rota, Guam, Wiles et al 2000), Palau, Caroline Is (Yap, Clements 2003, Truk).
M. f. subsp (other than tschutschensis; possibly including taivana, macronyx, and thunbergi) Vis Oct-Apr Mariana Is (Rota, Guam- Wiles et al 2000), Palau, Caroline Is (Yap- Clements 2003, Truk). Acc Solomon Is (Nov Bougainville, Mayr and Diamond 2001, Hadden 2004a), Norfolk I (Dec 2002, Moore).
F: Palau (Peleliu: Dec, de Vries 1995. Unc throughout, Engbring 1988).
M. cinerea Grey Wagtail
M. c. robusta Vis Oct-Nov and Mar-Apr Palau, Mariana Is (Guam), s Izu Is, Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is.
M. alba White Wagtail
M. a. subsp.? Cas Palau (Engbring 1988, Pyle and Engbring 1985; but see Pratt et al 1987: report not separable from "equally likely" M. lugens Black-backed Wagtail.). Hypo Mariana Is (Guam, Pyle and Engbring 1985).
M. lugens Black-backed Wagtail
Recent authors treat as conspecific with M. alba (for example AOU 2005).
Cas Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is. (see M. alba).
Anthus novaeseelandiae New Zealand Pipit
This taxon, A. australis, A. richardi, A. cinnamomeus, and A. rufulus are sometimes considered conspecific (Richard's Pipit). Allozyme separation distances indicate that novaeseelandiae may be distinct at the species level from the 3 island taxa following (Foggo et al 1997), whereas Holdaway et al (2001) suspect that the island forms may be the result of "convergent evolution which has resulted in separately derived island forms that are superficially similar".
A. n. novaeseelandiae Res NZ (SI, Stewart I).
A. n. reischeki Res NZ (NI).
A. n. chathamensis Res NZ (Chatham Is).
A. n. aucklandicus Thompson et al (2005) noted that birds of Campbell I appear much yellower than those on Auckland Is, suggesting further study on their taxonomic status.
Res Auckland Is, Campbell I (extirpated main Campbell I, but returning from offshore rat-free islets after rat eradication, Thompson et al 2005).
A. n. steindachneri Res Antipodes Is 1000-4000 inds (Tennyson et al 2002).
A. n. subsp? Cas Kermadec Is, Snares Is. Acc Apr and Dec Norfolk I, Sep Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004).
A. hodgsoni Olive-backed Pipit
A. h. hodgsoni Acc Iwo Is.
A. h. subsp? Acc Hawaiian Is (fall Kure).
A. gustavi Pechora Pipit
A. g. subsp.? Acc Iwo Is (Kita-iwojima).
A. cervinus Red-throated Pipit
A. c. subsp.? Cas Oct-Nov Palau, Hawaiian Is (Kure). Acc Iwo Is (Kita-iwojima).
A. rubescens Buff-bellied (American) Pipit
A. r. japonicus Acc s Izu Is (Torishima), Iwo Is (Kita-iwojima).
A. r. subsp? Vis Nov-Feb Guadalupe I, Revillagigedo Is. Acc Hawaiian Is (Scott et al 2001), Clipperton I, Cocos I (Easley and Montoya 2006).
A. spinoletta Water Pipit
A. s. spinoletta Acc Hawaiian Is (fall Kure).


FRINGILLIDAE (15 species)

Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch
F. c. subsp? Int NZ (NI, SI, Stewart I), Chatham Is, Snares Is 20-30 ins (Miskelly et al 2001), Auckland Is, Campbell I. Cas Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004). Acc Dec Antipodes Is (Tennyson et al 2002), Kermadec Is (Nov Macauley I, Veitch et al 2004), Norfolk I (Phillip I, Clarke 2001), Macquarie I Nov 2002 (R. Clarke).
F. montifringilla Brambling
Cas winter s Izu Is, Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is.
Serinus mozambicus Yellow-fronted Canary
S. m. subsp? Int Hawaiian Is (Oahu, Hawaii).
F: Oahu: Kapiolani Park, Pratt 1993. Hawaii: South Kohala-North Kona region, Pratt 1993; Big Island CC, Lindsay).
S. canaria Island Canary
Int Hawaiian Is (Midway Is).
F: 100+, Vendenberg.
Chloris chloris European Greenfinch
Recent studies have indicated that traditional Carduelis is monophyletic (see Christidis and Boles 2008).
C. c. subsp? Self-int Norfolk I (Christian 2005). Int NZ (NI, SI, Stewart I), Chatham Is. Cas Snares Is (Miskelly et al 2001), Kermadec Is (Apr-Nov, Veitch et al 2004). Acc May-Jul Lord Howe I (2 recs, McAllan et al 2004, Hutton 1991), Campbell I.
F: Norfolk I: uncommon 2005, Ewin).
C. sinica Oriental Greenfinch
C. s. kitlitzi Res Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is.
Carduelis carduelis European Goldfinch
C. c. subsp? Int NZ (NI, SI, Stewart I), Chatham Is, Snares Is, Auckland Is, Norfolk I (Christian 2005). Cas Lord Howe I (11 recs, McAllan et al 2004), Kermadec Is (May-Sep, Veitch et al 2004).Acc Antipodes Is (Warham and Bell 1979, Imber 2004), Macquarie I (C. c. britannica-Tasmania PWS).
F: Norfolk I: uncommon 2005, Ewin).
C. spinus Eurasian Siskin
Cas winter s Izu Is, Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is.
Acanthis flammea Common Redpoll
Recent studies have indicated that traditional Carduelis is monophyletic (see Christidis and Boles 2008).
A. f. flammea Acc Ogasawara Is (Jan Hahajima).
A. f. subsp? Acc Hawaiian Is (Kure, Midway Is), Mar Vanuatu (Aneityum, Bregulla 1992).
A. f. subsp? The populations at the following locations are apparently a mix of A. f. cabaret and A. f. flammea, recently separated at the species level (Knox et al 2001) but subsequently returned to subspecific status (Ottvall et al 2003).
Int NZ (NI,SI, self-int Stewart I). Res (self-int) Kermadec Is, Chatham Is, Snares Is <100 inds, Antipodes Is, Auckland Is, Campbell I, Macquarie I. Cas Jun and Aug Lord Howe I (2 recs, McAllan et al 2004).
Carpodacus mexicanus House Finch
C. m. amplus Res Guadalupe I.
C. m. frontalis Int Hawaiian Is (w to Kauai; cas Nihoa).
F: Hawaiian Is (common, Pratt 1993).
Chaunoproctus ferreorostris Bonin Islands Grosbeak
Extinct. Res formerly Ogasawara Is.
Loxia curvirostra Red Crossbill
L. c. japonica Cas winter s Izu Is, Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is.
L. c. subsp? Cas Nov-Mar Guadalupe I (has bred).
Euphona migratoria Chinese Grosbeak
E. m. migratoria Acc Ogasawara Is (Chichijima).
E. personata Japanese Grosbeak
E. p. personata Acc Ogasawara Is (Chichijima).
Coccothraustes coccothraustes Hawfinch
C. c. japonicus Cas s Izu Is, Ogasawara Is. Acc Iwo Is (Iwojima).


DREPANIDIDAE (33 species)

Telespiza cantans Laysan Finch
Res Hawaiian Is (Laysan; int Pearl and Hermes Reef).
T. ultima Nihoa Finch
Res Hawaiian Is (Nihoa).
Psittirostra psittacea Ou
Res Hawaiian Is (Hawaii <400 inds; extirp Maui, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Kauai, Reynolds and Snetsinger, in Scott et al 2001).
F: Hawaii: tough; try area bounded by Saddle Rd on north, Kulani Tract to the south, Powerline Rd to the west, Pratt 1993.
Dysmorodrepanis munroi Lanai Hookbill
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Lanai; one specimen only).
Loxioides bailleui Palila
Res Hawaiian Is (Hawaii 2000-6000 inds).
F: above 7000 ft mamane-naio forest belt Mauna Kea, esp Puu Laau near cabin, Pratt 1993; Puu Laau, lower levels between concrete stream crossings, Lindsay).
Rhodacanthis flaviceps Lesser Koa-Finch
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
R. palmeri Greater Koa-Finch
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
Chloridops kona Kona Grosbeak
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
Pseudonestor xanthophrys Maui Parrotbill
Res Hawaiian Is (Maui 500 inds).
F: Waikamoi Reserve, one relict koa grove at Hosmer; Waikamoi Flume, Pratt 1993.
Hemignathus virens Hawaii Amakihi
H. v. wilsoni Res Hawaiian Is (Maui, Molokai; extirp Lanai).
H. v. virens Res Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
F: abund Puu Laau, Pratt 1993.
H. flavus (=chloris) Oahu Amakihi
Pyle (2002) used the epithet flavus, based on Olson (1996).
Res Hawaiian Is (Oahu).
H. kauaiensis (=stejnegeri) Kauai Amakihi
Res Hawaiian Is (Kauai).
F: Kalaupuhi Trail, Lindsay.
H. sagittirostris Greater Amakihi
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
H. parvus Anianiau
There is evidence to suggest this taxon is separate at the generic level, as Magumma (Pratt, in Scott et al 2001).
Res Hawaiian Is (Kauai).
F: common Kokee, Pratt 1993; Kalaupuhi Tr, Lindsay.
H. obscurus Lesser Akialoa
Pratt (in Scott et al 2001) discusses the Akialoas, including the possibility that they differ at the generic level from Hemignathus as Akialoa. Apparent sympatry, based on palaeontological evidence, indicated five species, all now extinct (Olson and James 1995): Akialoa obscura Hawaii Akialoa, A. lanaiensis Maui Nui Akialoa, A. ellisiana Oahu Akialoa, A. stejnegeri Kauai Akialoa, and A. upupirostris Hoopoe-billed Akialoa.
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
H. ellisianus Greater Akialoa
H. e. stejnegeri (=procerus) (for use of stejnegeri see Dickinson (2003). Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Kauai).
H. e. lanaiensis Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Lanai).
H. e. ellisianus Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Oahu).
H. lucidus Nukupuu
H. l. affinis Res Hawaiian Is (Maui <10 inds?, Reynolds and Snetsinger, in Scott et al 2001).
F: East Maui Wilderness, access extremely difficult, Pratt 1993.
H. l. hanapepe Res Hawaiian Is (Kauai <10 inds, Reynolds and Snetsinger, in Scott et al 2001).
F: Alakai Swamp, Pratt 1993.
H. l. wilsoni Extinct? Res Hawaiian Is (Hawaii- one sighting, one specimen).
H. l. lucidus Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Oahu).
Heterorhynchus munroi Akiapolaau
Evidence suggests that this taxon differs at the generic level from Hemignathus (Pratt, in Scott et al 2001). If so, the specific epithet reverts to wilsoni from munroi, which is required if Nukupuus and Akiapolaau are congeneric (AOU 1998).
Res Hawaiian Is (Hawaii 1500 inds).
F: Powerline Rd, large Kipuka 4 mi in from Saddle Rd, McKiernan; Hakalau Forest NWR, Puu Oo, Pratt 1993.
Oreomystis bairdi Akikiki (Kauai Creeper)
Res Hawaiian Is (Kauai).
F: Alakai Swamp Trail beyond jct Pihea Ridge Trail; Kawaikoi Stream Trail, Pratt 1993.
O. mana Hawaii Creeper
Res Hawaiian Is (Hawaii 12,000 inds).
F: Powerline Rd, large Kipuka 4 mi in from Saddle Rd, McKiernan; Hakalau Forest NWR, Pratt 1993.
Paroreomyza maculata Oahu Alauahio (Oahu Creeper)
Extinct? Res Hawaiian Is (Oahu).
F: Try Aiea Ridge Trail, Pratt 1993.
P. montana Maui Alauahio (Maui Creeper)
P. n. newtoni Res Hawaiian Is (Maui).
F: seen Feb 1999, Mittleman; Hosmer Grove, virtually 100%, Pratt 1993.
P. n. montana Extinct. Formerly res Hawaiian Is (Lanai).
P. flammea Kakawahie (Molokai Creeper)
Extinct (Reynolds and Snetsinger, in Scott et al 2001). Formerly res Hawaiian Is (Molokai).
Loxops coccineus Akepa
L. c. coccineus Res Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
F: Powerline Rd, large kipuka 4 mi from Saddle Rd, McKiernan; Hakalau Forest NWR, hard to miss, Pratt 1993; Puu Ou Trail near deadend at recent lava flows-same spot as McKiernan? Pratt, 1993.
L. c. ochraceus Res Hawaiian Is (Maui <230 inds).
L. c. wolstenholmei (=rufus) Extinct (Pyle 2002). Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Oahu).
L. caeruleirostris Akekee
Res Hawaiian Is (Kauai).
F: seen Feb 1999, Mittleman; Kokee f common, Pratt 1993.
Ciridops anna Ulaaihawane
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
Vestiaria coccinea Iiwi
Res Hawaiian Is (Kauai, Maui, Hawaii, Oahu; self-int Molokai? Reynolds and Snetsinger, in Scott et al 2001; extirp Lanai).
F: Kauai: fairly easy Kokee area, Pratt 1993; Maui: Hosmer Grove, Pratt 1993; Hawaii: Saddle Rd kipukas, Pratt 1993; Puu Lau, Hakalau NWR, Lindsay.
Drepanis pacifica Hawaii Mamo
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Hawaii).
D. funerea Black Mamo
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Molokai).
Palmeria dolei Akohekohe
Res Hawaiian Is (Maui; extirp? Molokai).
F: Maui: East Maui Wilderness f common, access extremely difficult; Waikamoi Preserve; Waikamoi Flume, Pratt 1993.
Himatione sanguinea Apapane
Res Hawaiian Is (Kauai, Maui, Hawaii, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai; acc Niihau).
F: Hawaii: easiest Volcano House, Pratt 1993. Common most islands, Pratt 1993.
H. freethi Laysan Honeycreeper
Pratt (in Scott et al 2001) argues the case for species status, although Pyle (2002) retains as subspecies of sanguinae.
Extinct. Res formerly Hawaiian Is (Laysan).
Melamprosops phaesoma Poouli
Res Hawaiian Is (Maui 2-3 inds- N Am Birds 56:121).
F: Hanawi.